Device for adjusting the ignition timing of internal combustion engines



Aug. 1, 1939.

F. NALLINGER DEVICE FOR ADJUSTING THE IGNITION TIMING OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION'ENGINBS Filed May ll, 1938 29 26 8 2a 2a 725 Advance my. I

era 6-. 5143 Advance I Advance Fig.3

l atented ugi 1, 1939 fl; ATE s NITED S oFrica artists DEVICE lFUR JUSTINE: 'MHlE lGNll'iiUN TIWNG @F INTERNAL iDUltiBiJS'ifiUN EN- GENES i 'rltr Naliinger, Stuttgart, Germany, assignor to Daimler-Benn Airtiengesellschait, Unterturlkhelnm, Germany dtuttgart- The invention relates to a construction of and improvement in devices for the automatic adjustment of the ignition timing of internal combustion engines in which the adjustment of the ignition from retarded ignition to advanced ignition is controlled by a piston which is actuated on one side by a spring and on its other side lay the fluid pressure of a pump dependent on the speed of the engine. The invention consists essentially in the feature that a valve-controlled return conduit branches off, in the range of the piston stroke, from the side of the pressure cylinder filled with pressure fluid for the purpose of establishing between the end positions oi. the control piston corresponding respectively to advanced and retarded ignition, a mean piston position corresponding to a mean ignition timing.

The above mentioned operation is obtained only in a troublesome manner with purely mechanically controlled devices, such for erample as a centrifugal pendulum governor. Adjusting devices, which are controlled by sub-pressure and are simultaneously dependent on the position of the throttle valve, have the property that the sub pressure is only conditionally dependent on speed, so that the regulating action itself is therefore in certain circumstances inaccurate. Further such a regulating device operates only with very small forces which are not suflicient for the adjustment of'modern double ignition systems or would necessitate very large dimensions of the adjusting devices.

The regulating device according to the inven tiouis operated, on the contrary,by a pressure fluid controlled by the internal combustion engine and is preferably taken from the lubricating oil circuit. Very small dimensions are satisfactory with such an adjustment device and the regulation can at the same time be controlled satisfactorily. If the pressure fiuid is not taken from the lubricating oil circuit, it is necessary to use pumps which are not quite liquid-tight (pervious I pumps, e. g. cog wheel pump, circulating pump) to ensure the possibility of discharging the pressure cylinder after stopping the engine. Thus always means are provided for this discharging.

As already mentioned,'the pumping device for obtaining the pressure 'fluid is driven indirectly by the crankshaft of the engine. Between carburettor andginlet valve a throttle valve may be provided in the inductionpipe. In the mentioned return conduit a stop element is provided which advantageously is connected with the throttle element in the induction pipe or connection pipe between carburettor and engine. The throttle element may be'constructed as rotary valve with a pivoted arm to which advantageously a system of rods is connected which is in operative association with a cam, carried. on the spindle of the throttle valve.

Furthermore it is possible to provide as stop element in the return conduit a rotary valve which is connected with a throttle valve in the induction or in the connection pipe in such a way that it acts with delay. This is preferably constructed in such a way that the stop valve permits flow through the return conduit only after a certain adjustment of the throttlejvalve in direction of opening. I r

This delay is obtained in manners lrnown per se, e. g.

1. By correspondingly adjusted crank-driving,

2. By a slotted connection rod between throttle valve and rotary valve;

3. By a cani shait or the litre.

One construction of apparatus made according to the invention is illustrated in the accompany ing drawing, wherein:

Fig. 1 shows the general arrangement with the parts in the position for retarded ignition.

Fig. 2 shows the ignition apparatus and the f ignition adjusting device in a position ior'advanced ignition.

Fig. 3 illustrates the same apparatus as Fig. 2

in the mean ignition position.

, magneto of the engine, t the pivoted lever for the ignition adjustment, l a throttle valve arranged in the induction pipe of the engine and 8 the adjusting lever.

According to the invention the rod 3 of the piston 20 engages the adjusting lever 6 for the ignition adjustment, the piston 20 being loaded by a springs and sliding in a cylinder Ill. The spring 9 presses the piston 20 against the stop; II, a second stop I 2 limiting the stroke of the piston. A conduit I3, branching off from the oil pressure conduit 4 to the engine, communicates with the cylinder Ill-in front of the piston 20. Another conduit I4 leads ofi from the cylinder and communicates with the oil reservoir 2|, from which the lubricating oil pump 2 draws ofl oil.

pivoted to the bell crank lever I6. A pin 22 carried on the rod 28 engages in the slot I9 of the bell crank lever l8. The rod 28 passes through the bearings 23 and 24 and is pressed by the spring 25 supported against the bearing 24 and-the disc 21 against the cam 26 carried on the axle 29 of the throttle valve I.

The manipulation and operation of the apparatus according to the invention is as follows.

When the engine is not running the throttle valve 1 is closed. The spring 25 displaces the rod 28 towards the left and thereby brings the valve l5 into a position in which it closes the passage through the conduit l4 (Figs. 1 and 2). The spring 9 keeps the piston 20 in its end position to the right and the rod 3 keeps the pivoted arm 6 of the ignition adjustment in its end position to the right in which it is adjusted for retarded ignition (Fig. 1).,

the piston the lever 6 is also swung into the left end position and thereby the ignition device is adjusted to advanced ignition (Fig. 2).

On further opening of the throttle valve 1 the rod 28 and the valve l5 do not immediately alter their positions, until the cam 26 acting against the straining ofthe spring 25 begins to displace the rod 28 to the right, to swing the arm it upwards and thereby to open the rotary valve I5. The pressure oil can now flow away in front of the piston through the conduit l4 and the spring 9 can be relieved to the extent permitted by the piston 20 returning into the position directly in' Instead of one conduit l4 a plurality of branch pipes may also be arranged one behind the other and arranged to be closed each one by a separate stop member or by a common stop member. It is withinthe'scope of the invention to replace the control; cam also by a pivoted connection provided with a slotted guide. Similarly the construction of the stop member in the conduit l4 may be varied within the scope of the invention. Instead of being connected to the oil pressure conduit the regulating device may also be connected to the water cooling circuit of the engine.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I

declare that what-I claim is:

1. An internal combustion engine comprisin a magneto electric ignition apparatus, an ad-,

justing device for adjusting the ignition timing from retardedto advanced ignition comprising a piston moving in a cylinder, which is. loaded on the one side by a spring and on the other side by fluid pressure,- a pumpingdevice driven indirectly from me crank shaft of the engine for producing the pressure fluid, the piston provlding in its one end position for advanced .ignition, in its second end position for retarded ignition and in a mean position for a mean ignition timing,,and a return conduit in the cylinder wall for the pressure fluid for establishing the mean piston position, means to discharge the pressure cylinder of the pumping device.

2. An. internal combustion engine comprising a magneto electric ignition apparatus, an adjustingdevice for adjusting the ignition timing from retarded to advanced ignition comprising a piston moving in a cylinder, which is'loaded on the one side by a spring and on the other side by fluid pressure, a pervious pumping device driven indirectly from the crank shaft of the engine for producing the pressure fluid, the piston providing in its one end position for advanced ignition, in

its second end position for retarded ignition and in a mean position for a mean ignition timing,

' a return conduit in the cylinder wall for the pressure fluid for establishing the mean piston position, and astop element in the return conduit. 3. An internal combustion engine comprising a magneto electric ignition apparatus, an inducvanced ignition, in its second end position for retarded ignition and in a mean position for a mean ignition timing, a return conduit in the cylinder wall for the pressure fluid for establishing themean piston position and a stop element in 'the return conduit.

4. An internal combustion engine comprising a magneto electric ignition apparatus, an induction pipe for the fuel mixture between carburettor and inlet valve, a throttle valve in the induction pipe, an adjusting device for adjusting the ignition timing from retarded to advanced ignition comprising a piston movingin a cylinder, which is loaded on the one side by a spring and on the other side by fluid pressure, a pervious pumping device driven indirectly from the crank shaft of the engine for producing the pressure fluid, the piston providing inits one end position for advanced ignition, in its second end position for retarded ignition andin a mean position for a mean ignition timing, a ret1n-n conduit in the cylinder wall for the pressure fluid for establishing the mean piston position, a stop element in the return conduit, said stop element being conpipe for the fuel mixture. 5. An internal combustion engine comprising nected with the throttle valve in the induction o a magneto electric ignition apparatus, an induc- I the ignition timing from retarded ignition to.

advanced ignition consisting of a piston moving in a cylinder which is loaded on the one side by.

a spring and on the other side by fluid pressure,

a pervious pumping device driven indirectlyfrom the crank shaft of the engine for producing the fluid' pressure, the piston providing in its one end position for advanced ignition, in its second end position for retarded ignition and in a mean vfor establishing the mean piston position, a ros'isting of a piston moving in a cylinder, which is loaded on the one sideby a spring and on the tary valve in the return'conduit as the stop element, said rotary valve having a pivoted arm.

6. An internal combustion engine comprising a magneto electric ignition apparatus, an induction pipe for the fuel mixture between carburettor and inlet valve, a throttle valve inthe induction pipe, an adjusting device'for adjusting the ignition timing from retarded ignition to advanced ignition consisting of a piston moving in arcylinder which is loaded on the one side by a spring and on the other side by fluid pressure, a pervious pumping device driven indirectly from the crank shaft of the'engine for producing the fluid pressure, the piston providing in its one end position for advanced ignition, in its second end position for retarded ignition and in a mean position for a mean ignition timing, a return conduit in the cylinder wall for the pres; sure fluid for establishing the mean piston position, a rotary valve in the return conduit as the stop element, said rotary valve havinga pivoted arm, and a system of rods connected to the pivoted arm which .is in operative association with a cam carried on the spindle of the throttle valve.

7. An internal combustion engine comprising a magneto electric ignition'apparatus and adjusting device for adjusting'the ignition timing from retarded ignition to advanced ignition conother side by a fluid pressure a pervious pumping device driven indirectly from the crank shaft of the engine for obtaining thepressure fluid, the piston providing in its one end position for advanced-ignition, in its second end position for retarded ignition and in a mean position for a mean ignition timing, a return conduit in the cylinder wall for the pressure fluid for establishing the mean piston position, and a rotary valveduction pipe, and adjusting device for adjusting Ithe ignitiontiming from retarded ignition to advanced ignition consisting .oi'iar piston moving in a cylinder, which is loaded on the one side by a spring and on the other side' by a fluid pressure, a pervious pumping device driven indirectly from the crank shaft of the engine for obtaining the pressure fluid, the piston providing in its one end position for advanced ignition, in its second .end position for retarded ignition and in a mean position for a mean ignition. timing, a return conduit in the cylinder wall for the pressure fluid for establishing the mean piston position,.and a rotary valve acting as stop element in the return conduit... said rotary valve being coupled with the throttle valve in the induction pipe by a connection actingwith delay.

9. An internal combustion engine comprising a magneto electricignition apparatus, an induction pipe for the fuel mixture between carburettor and inlet valve, 9. throttle valve in the inducspring and on the other sideby a fluid pressure,

a pervious pumping device driven indirectly from the crank shaft 01 the engine for obtaining the pressure fluid,'the piston providing in its one end position for advanced ignition, in its second end position for retarded ignition and in a mean position for a mean ignition timing, a return conduit in-the cylinder wall for the pressure fluid for establishing the mean piston position, and

,a rotary valve acting as stop element in the return conduit, said rotary valve being coupled with the throttle valve in the induction pipe by a connection acting with delay which is so constructed that the stop valve permits flow through,

the return conduit only after a certain adjustment of the throttle valve in the direction of opening.

10. An internal combustion engine comprising a magneto electric ignition apparatus, an adjusting device for adjusting the ignition timing from retarded to advanced ignition comprising a piston moving in a cylinder, which is loaded on the one side by a springand on the other side by fluid pressure, a pumping device connected to the lubricating oil circuit and driven indirectly from the crank shaft of the engine for producing the pressure fluid, the piston providing in its one end position for advanced ignition, in its secend end position for retarded ignition and in a mean position for a mean ignition timing, and a return conduit in the cylinder wall for the pressure fluid for establishing the mean piston position.

11. An internal combustion engine comprising the; lubricating oil circuit and driven indirectly from. the crank shaft of the engine for producing the pressure fluid, the piston providing in its one end position for-advanced ignition, in its second end position for retarded ignition and in a mean positionior a mean ignition timing, and a return conduit in the cylinder wall for the pressure .fluid for establishing the mean piston position,

and a. stop element in the return conduit.

. 12. An internal combustion engine comprising a magneto electric ignition apparatus, an induction pipe for the fuel mixture between carburettor and inlet valve, a throttle valve in the induc-' tion pipe, an adjusting device for adjusting the ignition timing from retarded to advanced ignition comprising a piston moving in a cylinder, whichis loaded on the one side by a spring'and on the other side by fluid pressure, a pumping device connected to the lubricating oil-circuitand driven indirectly from the crank shaft of the engine for producing the pressure fluid, the -pis-- ton providing in its one end position for advanced ignition, in its second end position for retarded ignition and in a mean position for a mean ignition timing, a return conduitin the cylinderwallfor the pressure fluid for establishing the meanpiston position and a stop element in the return conduit.

' 13. An internal combustion engine comprising a magneto electric ignition apparatus, an induction pipe for the fuel mixture between carburettor and inlet valve, a throttle valve in the induction pipe, an adjusting device for adjusting the ignition timing from retarded to advanced ignition comprising a piston moving in a cylinder,

which is loaded on the one side by a spring andv 4 2,1e7,ooa

other side by a 'fluid pressure, a pumping device a on the other side by fluid pressure, a pumping device connected tothe lubricating oil circuit and driven indirectly from the crank shaft of the engine for producing the pressure fluid, the piston providing in its one end position for advanced ignition, in its second end position for retarded ignition and in a mean position for a mean ignition timing, a return conduit in the cylinder wall for the pressure fluid for establishing the mean piston position, a stop element in the return conduit, said stop element being connected with the throttle valve in the induction pipe for the fuel mixture.

14. An internal combustion engine comprising a magneto electric ignition apparatus, an induction pipe for the fuel mixture-between the carburettor and inlet valve, a throttle valve in the induction pipe, an adjusting device for adjusting I the ignition timing from retarded ignition to advanced ignition consisting of a piston moving in a cylinder which is loaded on the one side by a spring and on the other side by fluid pressure, a pumping device connected to the lubricating oil circuit and driven indirectly from the crank shaft of the engine for producing the fluid'pressure, the piston providing in its one end'position for advanced ignition, in its second end position for retarded ignition and in a mean position for a mean ignition timing, a return conduit in the cylinder wall for the pressure fluid for establish der which is loaded on the one side by a spring and on the other side by fluid pressure, a pumping device connected to the-lubricating oil circuit and driven indirectly irom the crankshaft of the engine for producing the fluid pressure, the .piston providing in its one'end position for advanced ignition, in its second end position for retarded ignition and in a mean position for a mean ignition timing, a return conduit in the cylinder wall for the pressure fluid for establishing' the mean piston position, a rotary valve in the return conduit as the stop element, said rotary valvelhaving a pivoted arm, and a system of rods connected to the pivoted arm which isloaded on the one side by a spring and on the connected to the lubricating oil circuit and driven indirectly from the. crank shaft of the engine for obtaining the pressure fluid, the'jpiston providing in its one end position for advanced ignition, in its second end position for retarded ignition and in a mean position for a mean ignition tim-.

ing," a return conduit in the cylinder wall for the pressure fluid for establishing the mean piston position, and a rotary valve acting as stop element in the return conduit, said rotary valve being coupled with the throttle valve in the induction pipe by a connection acting with delay.

17. An internal combustion engine comprising a magneto electric ignition apparatus, an induction pipe for the fuel mixture between carburettor and inlet valve, a throttle valve in the induction pipe, and adjusting device for adjusting the ignition timing from retarded ignition to advanced ignition consisting of a piston moving in a cylinand on the other side by a fluid pressure, a pumping device connected to the lubricating oil circuit'and driven indirectly from the crank shaft of the engine for obtaining the pressure fluid, the

piston providing in its one end position for advanced ignition, in its second end position for retarded ignition and in a mean position for a mean ignition timing, a return conduit in the cylinder wall ior the pressure fluid for establishing the mean piston position, and a rotary valve acting as stop element in the return conduit, said rotary valve being coupled with the throttle valve in'the induction pipe by a connection acting with delay,

18. An internal combustion enginecomprising 'der, which is loaded on the one side by a spring a magneto electric ignition apparatus, an induction pipe for the fuel mixture between carburettor I and inlet valve, a throttle valve in the induction pipe, and adjusting device for adjusting the'ignition timing from retarded ignition to advanced ignition consisting of a piston moving in a cylinder, which is loaded on the one side by a spring and on the other side by a fluid pressure, a pumping device connected to the lubricating on circuit and driven indirectly from the crank shaft of the engine (or obtaining the pressure fluid, the piston providing in its one end position for advanced ignition, in itssecond end position for retarded ignition and in a mean position'ior a mean ignition timing, a return conduit in the cylinder wall ior'the pressure fluid for establishing the mean piston position, and arotary valve acting as stop element in the return conduit, said rotary valve'being coupled with the throttle valve in the induction pipe by a connection acting with delay mits flow through the return conduit only after 

